A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. A
natural number greater than 1 that is not a prime number is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime, as only 1 and 5 divide it,
whereas 6 is composite, since it has the divisors 2 and 3 in addition to 1 and 6. The fundamental theorem of arithmetic establishes the
central role of primes in number theory: any integer greater than 1 can be expressed as a product of primes that is unique up to ordering.
This theorem requires excluding 1 as a prime.
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