JAVA EXAMPLE PROGRAMS

JAVA EXAMPLE PROGRAMS

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Dynamic Queue implementation using arrays


A queue is a kind of abstract data type or collection in which the entities in the collection are kept in order and the only operations on the collection are the addition of entities to the rear terminal position, called as enqueue, and removal of entities from the front terminal position, called as dequeue. The queue is called as First-In-First-Out (FIFO) data structure. In a FIFO data structure, the first element added to the queue will be the first one to be removed. You can find more details in the previous example

Here you can find dynamic queue implementation based on array. The capacity of the array will be increased when the queue is full.

package com.java2novice.ds.queue;

public class DynamicQueueImpl {

	private int capacity = 2;
	int queueArr[];
	int front = 0;
	int rear = -1;
	int currentSize = 0;
	
	public DynamicQueueImpl(){
		queueArr = new int[this.capacity];
	}

	/**
	 * this method adds element at the end of the queue.
	 * @param item
	 */
	public void enqueue(int item) {
		
		if (isQueueFull()) {
			System.out.println("Queue is full, increase capacity...");
			increaseCapacity();
		}
		rear++;
		if(rear >= queueArr.length && currentSize != queueArr.length){
			rear = 0;
		}
		queueArr[rear] = item;
		currentSize++;
		System.out.println("Adding: " + item);
	}

	/**
	 * this method removes an element from the top of the queue
	 */
	public void dequeue() {
		if (isQueueEmpty()) {
			System.out.println("Underflow ! Unable to remove element from Queue");
		} else {
			front++;
			if(front > queueArr.length-1){
				System.out.println("removed: "+queueArr[front-1]);
				front = 0;
			} else {
				System.out.println("removed: "+queueArr[front-1]);
			}
			currentSize--;
		}
	}

	/**
	 * This method checks whether the queue is full or not
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	public boolean isQueueFull(){
		boolean status = false;
		if (currentSize == queueArr.length){
			status = true;
		}
		return status;
	}
	
	/**
	 * This method checks whether the queue is empty or not
	 * @return
	 */
	public boolean isQueueEmpty(){
		boolean status = false;
		if (currentSize == 0){
			status = true;
		}
		return status;
	}
	
	private void increaseCapacity(){
		
		//create new array with double size as the current one.
		int newCapacity = this.queueArr.length*2;
		int[] newArr = new int[newCapacity];
		//copy elements to new array, copy from rear to front
		int tmpFront = front;
		int index = -1;
		while(true){
			newArr[++index] = this.queueArr[tmpFront];
			tmpFront++;
			if(tmpFront == this.queueArr.length){
				tmpFront = 0;
			}
			if(currentSize == index+1){
				break;
			}
		}
		//make new array as queue
		this.queueArr = newArr;
		System.out.println("New array capacity: "+this.queueArr.length);
		//reset front & rear values
		this.front = 0;
		this.rear = index;
	}
	
	public static void main(String a[]){
		
		DynamicQueueImpl queue = new DynamicQueueImpl();
		queue.enqueue(4);
		queue.dequeue();
		queue.enqueue(56);
		queue.enqueue(2);
		queue.enqueue(67);
		queue.dequeue();
		queue.enqueue(24);
		queue.enqueue(98);
		queue.dequeue();
		queue.dequeue();
		queue.dequeue();
		queue.enqueue(435);
		queue.dequeue();
		queue.dequeue();
	}
}

Output:
Adding: 4
removed: 4
Adding: 56
Adding: 2
Queue is full, increase capacity...
New array capacity: 4
Adding: 67
removed: 56
Adding: 24
Adding: 98
removed: 2
removed: 67
removed: 24
Adding: 435
removed: 98
removed: 435
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List of Queue Data Structure Examples

  1. Queue introduction & array based implementation
  2. Dynamic Queue implementation using arrays
  3. Double-ended queue (Decue) Implementation
  4. Double-ended queue (Decue) implementation using Doubly linked list
  5. Priority Queue introduction and Java implementation
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The garbage collection process is to identify the objects which are no longer referenced or needed by a program so that their resources can be reclaimed and reused. These identified objects will be discarded.
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About Author

I'm Nataraja Gootooru, programmer by profession and passionate about technologies. All examples given here are as simple as possible to help beginners. The source code is compiled and tested in my dev environment.

If you come across any mistakes or bugs, please email me to [email protected].

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Reference: Java™ Platform Standard Ed. 7 - API Specification | Java™ Platform Standard Ed. 8 - API Specification | Java is registered trademark of Oracle.
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